Henrico Anders
Henrico Anders - Dutch baroque composer
Person from Netherlands
Genres: baroque, german, dutch, 18th century
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About Henrico Anders
Hendrik Anders, born in Oberweissbach (Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt county) in 1657 and died in Amsterdam on March 14, 1714, was a baroque composer and organist from the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, originally from Germany. The year of his birth can be inferred from his enrollment, at the age of nine, in the gymnasium in Rudolstadt in 1666. Anders was organist of the Lutheran Church in Amsterdam from 1683 to 1694 , the year of his dismissal for misconduct. Two years later he became a carillonneur or carillon player. He was also a violinist in the theater. Anders composed ensemble instrumental music , which is said to have originated in the overtures and interludes of plays and zangspelen , the authors of which were Dutch poets. Together with Servaes de Koninck, he played an important role in the development of zangspel , a genre of lyrical theatre. In these short pieces, the spoken parts were interrupted and alternated with sung verses. The origin of this genre is undoubtedly the creation, in 1685, of the adaptation in Dutch by Thomas Arendsz of the lyric tragedy Roland, whose music is by Giovanni Battista Lulli (lyrics by Philippe Quinault). In the Dutch version, the piece would have been spoken for the most part, but of the Lulli arias , some were sung. Republic composers , such as Anders, soon began setting zangspelen to music themselves . These pieces, so close to the genre of opera , had been immensely successful and would have introduced, at the same time, the Dutch language.in theater music, although these efforts did not result in the emergence of a true Dutch operatic tradition. Most of the opera performed in the Republic came from France , Italy , and later also from German-speaking territories. They were also represented by foreign theater companies. This is perhaps due to the phenomenon that at the end of the century, Dutch nobility and patriciate were affected more by cultural developments abroad, which was to gradually lead to the depreciation of the efforts of their own Dutch musicians. Anders composed the music for at least five Dutch zangspelen (to words by Andreas du Moulin, Dirck Buysero and Cornelis Sweerts), including that of Venus and Adonis from 1696 (to words by Dirck Buysero). For the bookseller Cornelis Sweerts , son of the poet Hiëronymus Sweerts, Anders composed, in 1691 , the music for the tragedy Jacoba van Beieren, erfgravin van Holland. For the first time, Sweerts had then manifested himself as a poet. But animated by a particular love for music, he published, in 1697 , a short zangspel , Apollo and Daphne, whose music had been composed by Hendrik Anders, and where Cupid , in order to avenge himself on the god Apollofor the contempt that he displays for her, makes him feel an irresistible love for a Daphne who, in the service of the goddess Diana devoting herself to the pleasures of the hunt, by the intervention of Cupid, remains insensitive to his love while rejecting it; as Apollo wants to go violent, at her own request, she is transformed into a laurel. The pastoral De Min en Wyn-strydt also dates from 1697. From this play, the lyrics were published by Jacob van Rijndorp, director of the The Hague Theater Company , however without indicating the name of the author. Later, Van Rijndorp would reveal the name of the author in the preface to a farce , a musical comedy published in 1719 , announcing that the play had been put into verse by Buysero, and that it had been transmitted to him. The play deals with the same subject as Quinault 's libretto for Lulli 's opera : The Feasts of Love and Bacchus. In 1719, Van Rijndorp would reissue the play under the name harders-spel ( pastoral ), having published, two years earlier, an entirely different play entitled Min- en Wynstrydt and, apparently, translated from Quinault , which he had taken wrongly for a work by Buysero. Also in 1697, Anders, Carl Rosier and his daughters Maria Petronella and Maria Anna, together with Jacques Cocqu and his daughter Catherina, Nicholaas Ferdinand Le Grand, François Desrosiers and Michel Parent founded a collegium musicum. This musical society, as much one of amateurs as of professionals, had as its goal to give concerts: in summer in Amsterdam and in winter in The Hague . Sweerts wrote another piece whose musical composition was the responsibility of Hendrik Anders: Den verliefden Rijkert (or in the second edition of 1722: Gryn bedrogen , or The deceived loving Richard). The play was much longer, had three acts , and bore no resemblance to a pastoral , but rather a mediocre comedy; according to the poet himself, the play could be performed as a comedy with a few songs and an aubade of musicians. Faithful to the tradition established by Quinault and Lulli, here too, we sing the praise of wine in opposition to love. In this piece, Flip (Philippe), Rykert's (Richard) valet, almost always sings with a bottle in his hand. The name of Anders appears in the accounts of the Theater of Amsterdam from 1705, only once with mention of his function: "musik meester" (master of music). Anders died on March 14, 1714 without even leaving the money necessary to pay for the funeral.
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